Backache: Teen Version

What is a backache?

A backache is pain and stiffness in the back. The middle or lower back is the most common area to have pain. Backaches are most common during adolescence.

With a backache:

• The pain is worsened by bending.
• The muscles on either side of the spine are tender or in spasm.

What causes backaches?

Backaches are usually caused by straining some of the 200 muscles in the back that allow us to stand upright. Often the strain is caused by carrying something too heavy (such as schoolbags), lifting from an awkward position, or overexertion of back muscles (for example, from digging).

Spondylolysis, or a stress fracture, may cause lower back pain in teens. Stress fractures may happen in sports such as gymnastics and football. Pain is usually mild and may spread to the buttocks and legs. It feels worse with activity and better with rest. With a stress fracture, you may notice that you tend to walk stiff-legged and with a shorter stride than usual.

How long does it last?

The pain and discomfort are usually gone in 1 to 2 weeks. However, it is common to have backaches many times, depending on your activities and health.

How can I take care of myself?

• Pain-relief medicines

  Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Continue this until 24 hours have passed without any pain. This medicine is the most important part of the therapy because back pain causes muscle spasm and these medicines can greatly reduce both the spasm and the pain.

• Cold

  During the first 2 days, massage the sore muscles with a cold pack or ice pack for 20 minutes 4 times per day. To avoid frostbite, do not leave the cold packs on too long.

• Heat

  After 2 days, put a heating pad or hot water bottle on the most painful area for 20 minutes to relieve muscle spasm. Do this whenever the pain flares up.

• Sleeping position

  The most comfortable sleeping position is usually on your side with your knees bent. The mattress should be firm if possible.

• Activity

  Avoid lifting, jumping, horseback riding, motorcycle riding, and exercise until you are completely well. Complete bed rest is unnecessary.

How can I prevent backaches?

The best way to prevent future backaches is to keep your back muscles in good physical condition. This will require 5 minutes of back and abdominal exercises every day.

Do not do strengthening exercises until the back pain is gone. You should also try to be physically active for at least 30 minutes every day.

Also, learn how to properly lift heavy objects:

• To lift heavy objects, bend your knees and not your back.
• Never lift something while your back is twisted.
• Carry heavy objects close to your body and use both arms.

When should I call my healthcare provider?

Call IMMEDIATELY if:

• The pain becomes very severe AND persists more than 2 hours after taking a pain medicine.
• You can't walk.
• You have pain, tingling, or weakness in the legs.
• You have changes in bowel or bladder function.
• You start feeling very sick.

Call during office hours if:

• The pain is no better after 3 days of treatment.
• The pain is still present after 2 weeks.
• You have other concerns or questions.